The Second Annual Conference in Human Movement Variability the Center for Research in Human Movement Variability Universit Y of Nebr Ask a at Omaha
نویسندگان
چکیده
A Levitate Airframe exoskeleton fits like a backpack frame with elbow cuffs that support arm weight during overhead shoulder postures. The purpose of this study was to test this passive shoulder support exoskeleton during on-site job tasks. Six experienced workers in assembly (three workers), painting, parts hanging, and welding at two John Deere manufacturing sites volunteered for this study. Workers were assessed during challenging job tasks at the beginning and end of the shift on days with or without exoskeleton usage. Wireless EMG sensors were placed bilaterally on the anterior deltoid, biceps brachii, upper trapezius, and erector spinae. EMG amplitudes were significantly lower for the deltoid (-8.5 %MVIC) and biceps (-4.6 %MVIC) when wearing the exoskeleton. Interestingly, EMG standard deviations were lower with the exoskeleton (-3.5 %MVIC) and higher at the end of shift (+3.1 %MVIC). Coefficients of variation indicated that EMG variability changes with the exoskeleton and at end of shift were not fully explained by EMG magnitude changes. The results provided evidence that this shoulder-support exoskeleton reduced deltoid and biceps muscular effort during challenging, repetitive overhead job tasks. We suggest that EMG amplitude combined with variability measures may provide further insight into job task fatigue and movement steadiness. By Jason C. Gillette and Mitchell L. Stephenson. BIO: Jason C. Gillette received a B.S. in Engineering Science (1991), an M.E. in Engineering Mechanics (1993), and a Ph.D. in Biomedical Engineering/Engineering Mechanics (1999) from Iowa State University. He was a Postdoctoral Scholar with the Center for Biomedical Engineering at the University of Kentucky (1999-2002). Dr. Gillette is currently an Associate Professor and the Director of Graduate Education with the Department of Kinesiology at Iowa State University (2002-present). His research interests include biomechanics, ergonomics, and injury mechanisms. He utilizes video, force, and EMG measurements combined with musculoskeletal models to analyze athletic movements, industrial job tasks, and activities of daily living. EFFECTS OF LEG PROSTHESES ON RUNNING, SPRINTING, AND JUMPING Dr. Alena Grabowski Guest Speaker | University of Colorado, Boulder ABSTRACT: Running-specific leg prostheses (RSPs) are comprised of carbon-fiber, designed to emulate the spring-like function of tendons during level-ground steady-speed running, and allow considerable elastic energy return; however, unlike biological legs, passive-elastic RSPs cannot generate mechanical power anew, vary stiffness, nor allow foot-ground clearance during the swing phase. Use of RSPs impairs force generation and limits performance in athletes with leg amputations [1]. Nonetheless, the international association of athletics federations has banned the use of RSPs in non-amputee track and field competitions unless an athlete can prove that they do not have an advantage. Thus, understanding how use of RSPs affects performance is paramount to decisions of inclusion or exclusion in sport [2]. I will present a series of studies that assess the biomechanical and metabolic effects of using RSPs during running, sprinting, and long jumping to determine if use of such prostheses augment or impair performance for people with leg amputations. Running-specific leg prostheses (RSPs) are comprised of carbon-fiber, designed to emulate the spring-like function of tendons during level-ground steady-speed running, and allow considerable elastic energy return; however, unlike biological legs, passive-elastic RSPs cannot generate mechanical power anew, vary stiffness, nor allow foot-ground clearance during the swing phase. Use of RSPs impairs force generation and limits performance in athletes with leg amputations [1]. Nonetheless, the international association of athletics federations has banned the use of RSPs in non-amputee track and field competitions unless an athlete can prove that they do not have an advantage. Thus, understanding how use of RSPs affects performance is paramount to decisions of inclusion or exclusion in sport [2]. I will present a series of studies that assess the biomechanical and metabolic effects of using RSPs during running, sprinting, and long jumping to determine if use of such prostheses augment or impair performance for people with leg amputations. 1. P Taboga, R Kram, & AM Grabowski. Maximum-speed curve-running biomechanics of sprinters with and without unilateral leg amputations. Journal of Experimental Biology 219 851-858, 2016. doi:10.1242/jeb.133488 2. S Willwacher, J Funken, K Heinrich, R Müller, H Hobara, AM Grabowski, G-P Brüggemann, & W Potthast. Biomechanical comparison of the long jump of athletes with and without a below the knee amputation. International Press Conference Markus Rehm about to jump to Rio 2016. Cologne, Germany. BIO: Alena Grabowski, Ph.D. is a VA Research Healthcare Scientist and an Assistant Professor at the University of Colorado Boulder. She has over 15 years of experience and expertise in human biomechanics, physiology, and mechatronics, as well as conducting research projects highly relevant to Veterans and Service members with amputations. Dr. Grabowski has analyzed the effects of passive and powered leg prostheses for walking, and of running-specific prostheses in U.S. Paralympic athletes, Service members, and Veterans with transtibial amputations. She is considered one of the world’s experts on prostheses for people with leg amputations. VA OFFICE OF RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT: RESEARCH PROGRAMS & FUNDING OPPORTUNITIES Dr. Brian Schulz Honorary Speaker | Veterans Affairs, Washington D.C. ABSTRACT: This presentation will cover the mission and structure of the Department of Veterans Affairs and the organization of its intramural research program. Funding opportunities and our scientific review process will be described and an overview/examples of previously-funded research provided. This presentation will cover the mission and structure of the Department of Veterans Affairs and the organization of its intramural research program. Funding opportunities and our scientific review process will be described and an overview/examples of previously-funded research provided. BIO: Brian Schulz, PhD, is the Scientific Program Manager of Rehabilitation Engineering and Prosthetics/Orthotics in the Rehabilitation Research and Development Service of the VA Office of Research and Development. In this position he oversees a research portfolio covering the development of a wide range of rehabilitation devices and systems to improve Veteran health and well-being. Dr. Schulz earned his BS in Mechanical Engineering from the Georgia Institute of Technology while employed by Motorola as a co-op and 3M as an intern. He went on to complete his graduate studies in compensatory and protective stepping in older adults at the University of Michigan while interning at Ford, earning a PhD in biomedical engineering. After graduation he worked at the Tampa VA investigating fall avoidance and recovery and completed a level II Career Development Award in this area. Prior to joining VA Central Office, Dr. Schulz was Assistant Director of Labs, Engineering Director of the Mobile Rehabilitation Clinic, and an RR&D-funded VA investigator at the James A. Haley VA Hospital in Tampa, Florida. WHAT YOUR MOVES SAY ABOUT YOU: VARIABILITY, ACTION-PERCEPTION SYNERGIES, AND MENTAL HEALTH Dr. Beniot Bardy Barry T. Bates Keynote Speaker Euromov, University | Montpellier, France and Institut Universitaire De France ABSTRACT: In this presentation, we will emphasize the informational nature of human variability, together with its consequences for the understanding of how the way we move reveals who we are. The notion of Individual Motor Signature (IMS) will be presented, reducing to one low-dimensional variable the interaction of several degrees of freedom at various levels of the human body (Slowinski et al., 2016). A novel way to evaluate how these signatures are influenced, when interacting in a dyad or in a group (Alderisio et al., 2016), by physical and movement similarity, social competences and mental deficits, will be introduced. We will present a recently developed digital architecture that modulates IMS in real-time during social interaction with artificial agents (avatars and robots), and we will show how this architecture can be used for the rehabilitation of patients suffering from mental and social disorders (Slowinski et al., 2017). In this presentation, we will emphasize the informational nature of human variability, together with its consequences for the understanding of how the way we move reveals who we are. The notion of Individual Motor Signature (IMS) will be presented, reducing to one low-dimensional variable the interaction of several degrees of freedom at various levels of the human body (Slowinski et al., 2016). A novel way to evaluate how these signatures are influenced, when interacting in a dyad or in a group (Alderisio et al., 2016), by physical and movement similarity, social competences and mental deficits, will be introduced. We will present a recently developed digital architecture that modulates IMS in real-time during social interaction with artificial agents (avatars and robots), and we will show how this architecture can be used for the rehabilitation of patients suffering from mental and social disorders (Slowinski et al., 2017). 1. Alderisio, F., Bardy, B. G., & di Bernardo, M. (2016). Entrainment and synchronization in networks of Rayleigh-van der Pol oscillators with diffusive and Haken-Kelso-Bunz couplings. Biological Cybernetics, 110, 151–169. 2. Słowiński, P., Zhai, C., Alderisio, F., Salesse, R., Gueugnon, M., Marin, L., Bardy, B. G., di Bernardo, M., & Tsaneva-Atanasova, K. (2016). Dynamic similarity promotes interpersonal coordination in joint-action. Journal of the Royal Society Interface, 13: 20151093. 3. Słowiński, P., Zhai, C., Alderisio, F., Shen, Y., Tino, P., Bortolon, C., Burca, M., Raffard, S., Capdevielle, D., Cohen, L., Khoramshahi, M., Billard, A., Salesse, R., Gueugnon, M., Marin, L., Bardy, B. G., di Bernardo, M., Tsaneva-Atanasova, K. (2017). Kinematic biomarkers of schizophrenia. Npj Schizophrenia, 3:8 4. Acknowledgements. This work was funded by the European Project AlterEgo FP7 ICT 2.9 Cognitive Sciences and Robotics, Grant Number 600610 BIO: Benoît is Professor at Montpellier University and at the Institut Universitaire de France. His research is concerned with dynamical approaches to problems of coordination and control of movement, in real and virtual situations. Benoît is the current coordinator of two large-scaled European research projects. ALTEREGO (www.euromov.eu/alterego) develops innovative rehabilitation methods to improve relational deficits of patients suffering from social disorders using virtual reality and humanoid robotics. BEAT-HEALTH (www.euromov.eu/beathealth) exploits the tight link between music and movement and delivers embodied, flexible, and personalized rhythmical auditory stimulation in order to enhance health (walking in PD patients) and wellness (running across the lifespan). Benoît is the founding director of the EuroMov Centre for research and innovation in the science of movement (www.euromov.eu) and a consulting expert for the H2020 research program of the European union.
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تاریخ انتشار 2017